Vedic Pivot: Precision Air Conditioning & PAC Operation Cycle

PAC Definition :

PAC is refrigerating equipment specially designed to provide precise control of temperature and humidity.
PAC are also known as CCU(Close control unit or CARC(Computer room air conditioner)

PAC Refrigerant cycle :

The refrigeration cycle contains four major components: the compressor, condenser, expansion device, and evaporator. Refrigerant remains piped between these four components and is contained in the refrigerant loop.

The refrigerant begins as a cool vapor and heads to the first component: the compressor. The compressor is widely considered the engine of the refrigeration cycle; it consumes the most power out of the PAC system’s components and forces the refrigerant through the system. In the process of being compressed the cool, gaseous refrigerant is turned to a very hot and high-pressure

After compression, the refrigerant moves to the next component in the refrigeration cycle: the condenser. The condenser’s job is to cool the refrigerant so that it turns from a gas into a liquid, or condenses. This happens when warm outdoor air is blown across the condenser coil that is filled with hot, gaseous refrigerant. This allows heat to transfer from the refrigerant to the cooler outdoor air, where the excess heat is rejected to the atmosphere. The condenser coils wind through the condenser to maximize the surface area of the piping, and effectively, the heat transfer to the air. The refrigerant turns from a vapor into a hot liquid due to the high pressure and reduction in temperature.

The refrigerant is now approaching the expansion device as a hot, high-pressure liquid. The expansion device is responsible for quickly driving the pressure of the refrigerant down so it can boil (evaporate) more easily in the evaporator — and that’s it! The expansion device has one sole purpose: to reduce refrigerant pressure. Because the pressure drops so rapidly at the expansion device, the refrigerant turns into a combination of a cold liquid and vapor.

Now that the refrigerant is a cold mix of liquid and gas (vapor), it begins to move through the evaporator. The evaporator is responsible for cooling the air going to the space by boiling (evaporating) the refrigerant flowing through it. This happens when warm air is blown across the evaporator as cold refrigerant moves through the evaporator coil. Heat transfers from the air to the refrigerant, which cools the air directly before it is vented to the space. Like the condenser coil, the evaporator coil also winds through the evaporator to maximize heat transfer from the refrigerant to the air. The low-pressure liquid refrigerant is easily boiled by the warm air blown across the evaporator and heads back to the compressor as a cool gas/vapor.

Advantage of PAC : -

Precise and quick temperature based temperature control, to keep your IT equipment at the long run.
Precise humidity control. Electronic devices require a steady level of humidity for proper functioning.Both high/low humidity levels can impede them on the long run.
Designed for 24*7,365 days continuous operation while as comfort ac are generally designed to be used for a few hours,that too during summers.
PAC are designed to manage high level of sensible heat(Emanated by machine) while comfort Ac are designed to manage latent heat(emanated by people).
Precision air conditioner demonstrate better air distribution .They have high CFM rate that movies more air volume at higher speed than standard ACs.
PAC can handle higher heat and AC load densities
For larger premises,several unit of PAC can coordinate each other and automatically control individual AC loads for efficient cooling.
PAC can deploy new feature or exchange existing ones as their is upgraded.
It can also possible to remotely monitor troubleshoot precision air conditioners for quick problem resolution.